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This list recognizes significant mergers/collaborations/come-togethers involving Black women over time.

 

 

 

In December of 1989, Oxford University Press collaborated with the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture (New York), to revive the work some of the oldest and historically rich black women literaries. The women were Elizabeth Keckley, a former slave turned successful seamstress, Charlotte Forten-Grimke, an African-American abolitionist and educator, and Phillis Wheatley, an African poet. The paperback titles included The Journals of Charlotte Forten Grimké , Elizabeth Keckley's Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave, and Four Years in the White House , Six Women's Slave Narratives , and The Collected Works of Phillis Wheatley. The collaboration, edited by Henry Louis Gates Jr., was both a celebration of black women writers of the past and the names that we now recognize; women whose literary and social justice tenures were paved by these unspoken luminaries of American History.

 

 

In 1893, Ida B. Wells came together with Frederick Douglass in a boycott against the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. Wells led a group of black writers in authoring and disseminating a pamphlet called Why the Colored American Is Not in the World's Columbian Exposition, detailing Southern lynchings and other social and political issues arising against African-Americans. More than 2,000 copies were distributed at the fair. Wells also collaborated with W.E.B. DuBois and Archibald Grimke later in her career in the founding and organization of the NAACP.

 

 

 

In 1925, Zora Neale Hurston was a student at Barnard College in New York. There, she met and joined with Langston Hughes in the development of Fire!!, a black literary magazine that was one of the seedlings of the Harlem Renaissance. Although some of her work (most notably, Their Eyes Were Watching God) gained criticism from other black participants of the Harlem Renaissance such as writers Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison, Hurston continued to collaborate with Hughes, co-authoring The Mule Bone, a play based on the folktale, "The Bone of Contention".

 

 

 

In 1963, The Organization of African Unity was created to encourage economic stability, long-term unity, and collaboration amongst African countries. Although it was disbanded in 2002 by South African president Thabo Mbeki, and renamed African Union, the OAU served Africa for nearly forty years in fighting apartheid, colonialism, and war on the continent.

 

 

 

In 1968, South-African singer Miriam Makeba and Trinidadian civil rights activist Stokely Carmichael were married. As a result of a highly political and socially sensitive time in world history, the marriage caused great controversy because of Carmichael's leadership of the Black Panthers. Makeba's record deal and tours were all cancelled, and the couple ended up leaving the United States for Guinea. Although the marriage ended in 1973, it was helpful in African-American consciousness and activism against racism in South Africa.

 

 

 

 

 

 

In the late 1990's, DirecTV and Verizon FiOS came together with Black Entertainment Television to create BET J, formerly BET Jazz, to appeal to a more sophisticated and mature audience. The merger came after the network received widespread criticism of its programming and content, which was believed to perpetuate negative stereotypes of African-Americans. Most recently, comic Aaron McGruder (Boondocks) produced two episodes criticizing the channel. The network continues to grow, however, after launching BET UK in the United Kingdom in February 2008.

 

 

 

 

In May 2007, Oprah Winfrey went on the Larry King show to describe her endorsement of Senator Barack Obama as "worth going out on the limb for". That limb has unfortunately proven shaky in a racially fueled election. Nielson Media Research reported in May that her audience had fallen 7%, a decline that may have been caused by the alienation of her majority white-middle-class-female viewership, most of which support Hillary Clinton. Regardless, the proclaimed Midas and black Atlas campaign on, in the historic race for the United State's presidency.

 

 

 

 

 

Halle Berry and Alicia Keys have begun filming "Compositions in Black and White", a film about a bi-racial pianist in the 1940s. In this collaboration, Halle Berry will produce the biopic while Alicia Keys will star as pianist Philippa Schuyler. "The challenge, in order to actually be able to play classical piano as a woman of mixed race, was by far more than I could ever imagine," Keys said. "That's what intrigued me about that role." The film also depicts Schuyler's conflicts with her mother and the black race as a bi-racial artist in that era. This is Berry and Keys' first collaboration.

 

by Wayetu Moore

 
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